Design of 2D photonic crystal biosensor to detect blood components

Photonic crystals are periodic structures made of insulators. They the best option to design biosensors. In this paper, a photonic crystal biosensor containing insulation rods in air was designed and simulated. This used as circular nano-ring between internal external waveguides. At end waveguide, defect exists create an increase coupling distance. causes quality factor resonant wavelength displacement increase. The purpose designing sensor is check blood ingredients. After connecting measuring rod, shows different refractive indices. Another important characteristic proposed structure that most radiuses dielectric identical. construction be easy. plane-wave expansion method utilized calculate band structure. results show gap with from 1.26 1.92 $$\mathrm{\mu m}$$ created at distance where no can spread. work, Q-factor, detection limit, figure merit, sensitivity were recorded 5166, 0.021RIU?1, 9.84 nm/RIU, 2.94 nm/RIU.